Part Number Hot Search : 
KBJ15A06 663960 V159MEM1 SK223 3120C 280HZ DSW22201 1530C
Product Description
Full Text Search
 

To Download K4E640412E Datasheet File

  If you can't view the Datasheet, Please click here to try to view without PDF Reader .  
 
 


  Datasheet File OCR Text:
  cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature this is a family of 16,777,216 x 4 bit extended data out mode cmos drams. extended data out mode offers high speed random access of memory cells within the same row. refresh cycle(4k ref. or 8k ref.), access time (-45, -50 or -60), power consumption( nor- mal or low power) are optional features of this family. all of this family have cas -before- ras refresh, ras -only refresh and hidden refresh capabilities. furthermore, self-refresh operation is available in l-version. this 16mx4 edo mode dram family is fabricat ed using samsung s advanced cmos process to realize high band-width, low power consumption and high reliability. ? extended data out mode operation ? cas -before- ras refresh capability ? ras -only and hidden refresh capability ? self-refresh capability (l-ver only) ? fast parallel test mode capability ? lvttl(3.3v) compatible inputs and outputs ? early write or output enable controlled write ? jedec standard pinout ? available in plastic soj and tsop(ii) packages ? +3.3v 0.3v power supply ? industrial temperature operating ( -40~85 c ) control clocks ras cas w vcc vss a0~a12 (a0~a11)*1 a0~a10 (a0~a11)*1 memory array 16,777,216 x 4 cells samsung electronics co., ltd. reserves the right to change products and specifications without notice. description functional block diagram note) *1 : 4k refresh ? refresh cycles part no. refresh cycle refresh time normal l-ver k4e660412e* 8k 64ms 128ms K4E640412E 4k unit : mw s e n s e a m p s & i / o dq0 to dq3 data out buffer data in buffer * access mode & ras only refresh mode : 8k cycle/64ms(normal), 8k cycle/128ms(l-ver.) cas -before- ras & hidden refresh mode : 4k cycle/64ms(normal), 4k cycle/128ms(l-ver.) ? active power dissipation speed 8k 4k -45 324 432 -50 288 396 -60 252 360 ? performance range speed t rac t cac t rc t hpc -45 45ns 12ns 74ns 17ns -50 50ns 13ns 84ns 20ns -60 60ns 15ns 104ns 25ns row decoder column decoder vbb generator refresh timer refresh control refresh counter row address buffer col. address buffer ? part identification - k4e660412e-ji/p(3.3v, 8k ref., soj) - K4E640412E-ji/p(3.3v, 4k ref., soj) - k4e660412e-ti/p(3.3v, 8k ref., tsop) - K4E640412E-ti/p(3.3v, 4k ref., tsop) features 16m x 4bit cmos dynamic ram with extended data out
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature v cc dq0 dq1 n.c n.c n.c n.c w ras a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 v cc v ss dq3 dq2 n.c n.c n.c cas oe a12(n.c)* a11 a10 a9 a8 a7 a6 v ss 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 pin configuration (top views) * (n.c) : n.c for 4k refresh product pin name pin function a0 - a12 address inputs(8k product) a0 - a11 address inputs(4k product) dq0 - 3 data in/out v ss ground ras row address strobe cas column address strobe w read/write input oe data output enable v cc power(+3.3v) n.c no connection v cc dq0 dq1 n.c n.c n.c n.c w ras a0 a1 a2 a3 a4 a5 v cc v ss dq3 dq2 n.c n.c n.c cas oe a12(n.c)* a11 a10 a9 a8 a7 a6 v ss 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 (t : 400mil tsop(ii)) (j : 400mil soj) ? k4e660412e-j ? K4E640412E-j ? k4e660412e-t ? K4E640412E-t
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature absolute maximum ratings * permanent device damage may occur if "absolute maximum ratings" are exceeded. functional operation should be restricted to the conditions as detailed in the operational sections of this data sheet. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for ex tended periods may affect device reliability. parameter symbol rating units voltage on any pin relative to v ss v in, v out -0.5 to +4.6 v voltage on v cc supply relative to v ss v cc -0.5 to +4.6 v storage temperature tstg -55 to +150 c power dissipation p d 1 w short circuit output current i os address 50 ma recommended operating conditions (voltage referenced to vss, t a = -40 to 85 c) *1 : vcc+1.3v at pulse width 15ns which is measured at v cc *2 : -1.3 at pulse width 15ns which is measured at v ss parameter symbol min typ max units supply voltage v cc 3.0 3.3 3.6 v ground v ss 0 0 0 v input high voltage v ih 2.0 - vcc+0.3 *1 v input low voltage v il -0.3 *2 - 0.8 v dc and operating characteristics (recommended operating conditions unless otherwise noted.) parameter symbol min max units input leakage current (any input 0 v in v cc +0.3v, all other pins not under test=0 volt) i i(l) -5 5 ua output leakage current (data out is disabled, 0v v out v cc ) i o(l) -5 5 ua output high voltage level(i oh =-2ma) v oh 2.4 - v output low voltage level(i ol =2ma) v ol - 0.4 v
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature *note : i cc1 , i cc3 , i cc4 and i cc6 are dependent on output loading and cycle rates. specified values are obtained with the output open. i cc is specified as an average current. in i cc1 , i cc3 and i cc6, address can be changed maximum once while ras =v il . in i cc4 , address can be changed maximum once within one edo mode cycle time, t hpc . dc and operating characteristics (continued) i cc1 * : operating current ( ras and cas , address cycling @ t rc =min.) i cc2 : standby current ( ras = cas = w =v ih ) i cc3 * : ras -only refresh current ( cas =v ih , ras , address cycling @ t rc =min.) i cc4 * : extended data out mode current ( ras =v il , cas , address cycling @ t hpc =min.) i cc5 : standby current ( ras = cas = w =v cc -0.2v) i cc6 * : cas -before- ras refresh current ( ras and cas cycling @ t rc =min) i cc7 : battery back-up current, average power supply current, battery back-up mode input high voltage(v ih )=v cc -0.2v, input low voltage(v il )=0.2v, cas = cas -before- ras cycling or 0.2v w , oe =v ih , address=don t care, dq=open, t rc =31.25us i ccs : self refresh current ras = cas =0.2v, w = oe =a0 ~ a12(a11)=v cc -0.2v or 0.2v, dq0 ~ dq3=v cc -0.2v, 0.2v or open symbol power speed max units k4e660412e K4E640412E i cc1 don t care -45 -50 -60 90 80 70 120 110 100 ma ma ma i cc2 normal l don t care 1 1 1 1 ma ma i cc3 don t care -45 -50 -60 90 80 70 120 110 100 ma ma ma i cc4 don t care -45 -50 -60 100 90 80 100 90 80 ma ma ma i cc5 normal l don t care 0.5 200 0.5 200 ma ua i cc6 don t care -45 -50 -60 120 110 100 120 110 100 ma ma ma i cc7 l don t care 350 350 ua i ccs l don t care 350 350 ua
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature capacitance (t a =25 c, v cc =3.3v, f=1mhz) parameter symbol min max units input capacitance [a0 ~ a12] c in1 - 5 pf input capacitance [ ras , cas , w , oe ] c in2 - 7 pf output capacitance [dq0 - dq3] c dq - 7 pf ac characteristics (-40 c t a 85 c, see note 2) test condition : v cc =3.3v 0.3v, vih/vil=2.2/0.7v, voh/vol=2.0/0.8v parameter symbol -45 -50 -60 units note min max min max min max random read or write cycle time t rc 74 84 104 ns read-modify-write cycle time t rwc 101 113 138 ns access time from ras t rac 45 50 60 ns 3,4,10,12 access time from cas t cac 12 13 15 ns 3,4,5,12 access time from column address t aa 23 25 30 ns 3,10,12 cas to output in low-z t clz 3 3 3 ns 3 output buffer turn-off delay from cas t cez 3 13 3 13 3 13 ns 6,13 oe to output in low-z t olz 3 3 3 ns 3 transition time (rise and fall) t t 1 50 1 50 1 50 ns 2 ras precharge time t rp 25 30 40 ns ras pulse width t ras 45 10k 50 10k 60 10k ns ras hold time t rsh 8 8 10 ns cas hold time t csh 35 38 40 ns cas pulse width t cas 7 5k 8 10k 10 10k ns 16 ras to cas delay time t rcd 11 33 11 37 14 45 ns 4 ras to column address delay time t rad 9 22 9 25 12 30 ns 10 cas to ras precharge time t crp 5 5 5 ns row address set-up time t asr 0 0 0 ns row address hold time t rah 7 7 10 ns column address set-up time t asc 0 0 0 ns column address hold time t cah 7 7 10 ns column address to ras lead time t ral 23 25 30 ns read command set-up time t rcs 0 0 0 ns read command hold time referenced to cas t rch 0 0 0 ns 8 read command hold time referenced to ras t rrh 0 0 0 ns 8 write command hold time t wch 7 7 10 ns write command pulse width t wp 6 7 10 ns write command to ras lead time t rwl 8 8 10 ns write command to cas lead time t cwl 7 7 10 ns data set-up time t ds 0 0 0 ns 9
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature ac characteristics (continued) parameter symbol -45 -50 -60 units note min max min max min max data hold time t dh 7 7 10 ns 9 refresh period (normal) t ref 64 64 64 ms refresh period (l-ver) t ref 128 128 128 ms write command set-up time t wcs 0 0 0 ns 7 cas to w delay time t cwd 24 27 32 ns 7 ras to w delay time t rwd 57 64 77 ns 7 column address to w delay time t awd 35 39 47 ns 7 cas set-up time ( cas -before- ras refresh) t csr 5 5 5 ns cas hold time ( cas -before- ras refresh) t chr 10 10 10 ns ras to cas precharge time t rpc 5 5 5 ns access time from cas precharge t cpa 24 28 35 ns 3 hyper page cycle time t hpc 17 20 25 ns 14 hyper page read-modify-write cycle time t hprwc 47 47 56 ns 14 cas precharge time (hyper page cycle) t cp 6.5 7 10 ns ras pulse width (hyper page cycle) t rasp 45 200k 50 200k 60 200k ns ras hold time from cas precharge t rhcp 24 30 35 ns oe access time t oea 12 13 15 ns 3 oe to data delay t oed 8 10 13 ns cas precharge to w delay time t cpwd 36 41 52 ns output buffer turn off delay time from oe t oez 3 11 3 13 3 13 ns 6 oe command hold time t oeh 5 5 5 ns write command set-up time (test mode in) t wts 10 10 10 ns 11 write command hold time (test mode in) t wth 10 10 10 ns 11 w to ras precharge time (c-b-r refresh) t wrp 10 10 10 ns w to ras hold time (c-b-r refresh) t wrh 10 10 10 ns output data hold time t doh 4 5 5 ns output buffer turn off delay from ras t rez 3 13 3 13 3 13 ns 6,13 output buffer turn off delay from w t wez 3 13 3 13 3 13 ns 6 w to data delay t wed 8 15 15 ns oe to cas hold time t och 5 5 5 ns cas hold time to oe t cho 5 5 5 ns oe precharge time t oep 5 5 5 ns w pulse width (hyper page cycle) t wpe 5 5 5 ns ras pulse width (c-b-r self refresh) t rass 100 100 100 us 15,16,17 ras precharge time (c-b-r self refresh) t rps 74 90 110 ns 15,16,17 cas hold time (c-b-r self refresh) t chs -50 -50 -50 ns 15,16,17
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature test mode cycle parameter symbol -45 -50 -60 units note min max min max min max random read or write cycle time t rc 79 89 109 ns read-modify-write cycle time t rwc 110 121 145 ns access time from ras t rac 50 55 65 ns 3,4,10,12 access time from cas t cac 17 18 20 ns 3,4,5,12 access time from column address t aa 28 30 35 ns 3,10,12 ras pulse width t ras 50 10k 55 10k 65 10k ns cas pulse width t cas 12 10k 13 10k 15 10k ns ras hold time t rsh 18 18 20 ns cas hold time t csh 39 43 50 ns column address to ras lead time t ral 28 30 35 ns cas to w delay time t cwd 29 35 39 ns 7 ras to w delay time t rwd 62 72 84 ns 7 column address to w delay time t awd 40 47 54 ns 7 hyper page cycle time t hpc 22 25 30 ns 14 hyper page read-modify-write cycle time t hprwc 52 53 61 ns 14 ras pulse width (hyper page cycle) t rasp 50 200k 55 200k 65 200k ns access time from cas precharge t cpa 29 33 40 ns 3 oe access time t oea 17 18 20 ns 3 oe to data delay t oed 13 18 20 ns oe command hold time t oeh 13 18 20 ns ( note 11 )
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature notes an initial pause of 200us is required after power-up followed by any 8 ras -only or cas -before- ras refresh cycles before proper device operation is achieved. input voltage levels are vih/vil. v ih (min) and v il (max) are reference levels for measuring timing of input signals. transition times are measured between v ih (min) and v il (max) and are assumed to be 2ns for all inputs. measured with a load equivalent to 1 ttl load and 100pf. operation within the t rcd (max) limit insures that t rac (max) can be met. t rcd (max) is specified as a reference point only. if t rcd is greater than the specified t rcd (max) limit, then access time is controlled exclusively by t cac . assumes that t rcd 3 t rcd (max). this parameter defines the time at which the output achieves the open circuit condition and is not referenced to v oh or v ol . t wcs , t rwd , t cwd and t awd are non restrictive operating parameters. they are included in the data sheet as electric charac- teristics only. if t wcs 3 t wcs (min), the cycles is an early write cycle and the data output will remain high impedance for the duration of the cycle. if t cwd 3 t cwd (min), t rwd 3 t rwd (min) and t awd 3 t awd (min), then the cycle is a read-modify-write cycle and the data output will contain the data read from the selected address. if neither of the above conditions is satisfied, the condition of the data out is indeterminate. either t rch or t rrh must be satisfied for a read cycle. this parameters are referenced to the cas falling edge in early write cycles and to the w falling edge in oe controlled write cycle and read-modify-write cycles. operation within the t rad (max) limit insures that t rac (max) can be met. t rad (max) is specified as a reference point only. if t rad is greater than the specified t rad (max) limit, then access time is controlled by t aa . these specifications are applied in the test mode. in test mode read cycle, the value of t rac , t aa , t cac is delayed by 2ns to 5ns for the specified values. these parameters should be specified in test mode cycles by adding the above value to the specified value in this data sheet. if ras goes high before cas high going, the open circuit condition of the output is achieved by cas high going. if cas goes high before ras high going, the open circuit condition of the output is achieved by ras high going. t asc 3 6ns, assume t t = 2.0ns, if t asc 6ns, then t hpc (min) and t cas (min) must be increased by the value of "6ns-t asc ". if t rass 3 100us, then ras precharge time must use t rps instead of t rp . for ras -only-refresh and burst cas -before- ras refresh mode, 4096 cycles(4k/8k) of burst refresh must be executed within 64ms before and after self refresh, in order to meet refresh specification. for distributed cas -before- ras with 15.6us interval, cbr refresh should be executed with in 15.6us immediately before and after self refresh in order to meet refresh specification. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 17.
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - v oh - v ol - column address row address t ras t rc t crp t rp t csh t rsh t rcd t cas t ral t asr t rah t asc t cah t crp t aa t oea t clz t rac open t rch don t care undefined t rad t rrh data-out t rez t rcs read cycle t oez t cez t wez dq0 ~ dq3(7) t olz t cac
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature t wcs note : d out = open write cycle ( early write ) ras v ih - v il - v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - v ih - v il - column address row address t ras t rc t crp t rp t csh t rsh t rcd t cas t ral t rad t asr t rah t asc t cah t crp don t care undefined t wch t wp cas t rwl t cwl t ds t dh data-in dq0 ~ dq3(7)
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature note : d out = open write cycle ( oe controlled write ) ras v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - v ih - v il - dq0 ~ dq3(7) column address row address t ras t rc t crp t rp t csh t rsh t rcd t cas t ral t rad t asr t rah t asc t cah t crp t wp don t care undefined cas v ih - v il - t rwl t cwl t dh t oeh t oed data-in t ds
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature read - modify - write cycle ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - v i/oh - v i/ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) row addr t ras t rwc t rp t rsh t rcd t cas t csh t rad t asr t rah t asc t cah t crp valid t wp don t care t rwl t cwl t oez t oea t oed t awd t cwd t rwd data-out undefined valid data-in t rac t aa t cac t clz t ds t dh column address t olz
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature t doh hyper page read cycle ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - column address row addr t rasp t rp t rcd t asr t crp don t care undefined v oh - v ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t oep column address t cas t cas t cas t cas t cp t cp t cp t hpc t hpc t hpc t rhcp t csh t rad t rah t asc t cah t cah t cah t asc t cah t rcs t aa t rch t asc column address column addr valid data-out t oez t oea t oep t aa t cac t aa t cpa t cpa valid data-out valid data-out t oez t clz t rac t oea t olz t cac t rrh t cho t rez t oez t cac t och t cpa t cac valid data-out ? t asc t aa t ral t oea
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - column address row addr. t rasp t rp t rcd t asr t crp don t care hyper page write cycle ( early write ) undefined v ih - v il - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t rhcp t rad t rah t cah t cah t asc t cah t asc valid data-in t ds ? column address column address t cas t cp t cas t cp t cas t rsh ? t csh t asc ? ? t wp t wcs t wch t wp t wcs t wch t wp t wch ? ? ? valid data-in valid data-in ? ? t dh t ds t dh t ds t dh t cwl t cwl t cwl t rwl note : d out = open t hpc t hpc t wcs t ral
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature don t care hyper page read-modify-write cycle undefined ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - v i/oh - v i/ol - row addr t csh t rasp t rp t asr t rcd t cp t rad t cah t wp t dh col. addr col. addr t cas t cas t crp t asc t cah t ral t rcs t cwl t cwd t awd t rwd t wp t cwd t awd t cwl t rac t oea t clz t oez t cpwd t oed t asc t clz t oea t cac t aa t dh t oed t rwl t crp t ds t oez valid data-out valid data-in valid data-out valid data-in t ds dq0 ~ dq3(7) t rsh t olz t olz t hprwc t cac t aa t rah
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature hyper page read and write mixed cycle ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - column address row addr t rasp t rp don t care undefined v i/oh - v i/ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t wez t cp t cp t hpc t hpc t hpc t rad t rah t asc t cah t cah t cah t asc t cah t rch t rcs t rcs t rch t asc column address col. addr valid data-out t rez t aa t wcs valid data-out valid data-out valid data-in t rac col. addr t cas t asr t cas t cas t cas t asc t cp t rch t wch t wpe t clz t cpa t wed t aa t wez t ds t dh t cac t oea read( t cac ) read( t cpa ) write read( t aa ) t rhcp t ral t clz
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature don t care ras - only refresh cycle* note : w , oe , d in = don t care undefined d out = open ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - row addr t rc t rp t asr t crp t ras t rah t rpc t crp open cas - before - ras refresh cycle note : oe , a = don t care ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - t rc t rp t ras t rpc t cp t rpc t csr t chr t cez v oh - v ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t wrp t wrh w v ih - v il - t rp
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature hidden refresh cycle ( read ) t oez data-out t rp ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - row address t ras t rc t chr t rcd t rsh t rad t asr t rah t asc t crp don t care undefined v oh - v ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t wrh column address t oea t ras t rc t cah t rcs t aa t rac t clz t cac t cez open t rp t wez t rez t olz * in hidden refresh cycle of 64mb a-dile & b-die, when cas signal transits from low to high, the valid data may be cut off. t ral
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature t crp t wcs t rp ras v ih - v il - a v ih - v il - w v ih - v il - oe v ih - v il - row address t ras t rc t rad t asr t rah t asc don t care hidden refresh cycle ( write ) undefined cas v ih - v il - v ih - v il - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t rsh t rcd t wrh column address t ras t rc t chr t cah t wrp t ds note : d out = open t wp t wch data-in t dh t rp t ral
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature open cas - before - ras self refresh cycle note : oe , a = don t care ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - t rps t rass t rpc t cp t rpc t csr t cez v oh - v ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t rp don t care undefined t chs t wrp t wrh w v ih - v il - open test mode in cycle note : oe , a = don t care ras v ih - v il - cas v ih - v il - t rp t rc t rpc t cp t rpc t csr t off v oh - v ol - dq0 ~ dq3(7) t wts t wth w v ih - v il - t chr t rp t ras
cmos dram k4e660412e,K4E640412E industrial temperature 32 soj 400mil 0 . 4 0 0 ( 1 0 . 1 6 ) 0 . 4 3 5 ( 1 1 . 0 6 ) 0 . 4 4 5 ( 1 1 . 3 0 ) 0.830 (21.08) 0.820 (20.84) max 0.841 (21.36) m a x 0 . 1 4 8 ( 3 . 7 6 ) 0.032 (0.81) 0.026 (0.66) 0.021 (0.53) 0.015 (0.38) 0.027 (0.69) 0.012 (0.30) 0.006 (0.15) 0 . 3 6 0 ( 9 . 1 5 ) 0 . 3 8 0 ( 9 . 6 5 ) min #32 #1 0.0375 (0.95) 0.050 (1.27) units : inches (millimeters) package dimension 32 tsop(ii) 400mil 0 . 4 5 5 ( 1 1 . 5 6 ) 0 . 4 7 1 ( 1 1 . 9 6 ) 0.829 (21.05) 0.821 (20.85) max 0.841 (21.35) 0.037 (0.95) 0.050 (1.27) units : inches (millimeters) 0.047 (1.20) min 0.002 (0.05) 0.020 (0.50) 0.012 (0.30) max 0.010 (0.25) 0.004 (0.10) 0 . 4 0 0 ( 1 0 . 1 6 ) 0~8 0.030 (0.75) 0.018 (0.45) typ 0.010 (0.25) o


▲Up To Search▲   

 
Price & Availability of K4E640412E

All Rights Reserved © IC-ON-LINE 2003 - 2022  

[Add Bookmark] [Contact Us] [Link exchange] [Privacy policy]
Mirror Sites :  [www.datasheet.hk]   [www.maxim4u.com]  [www.ic-on-line.cn] [www.ic-on-line.com] [www.ic-on-line.net] [www.alldatasheet.com.cn] [www.gdcy.com]  [www.gdcy.net]


 . . . . .
  We use cookies to deliver the best possible web experience and assist with our advertising efforts. By continuing to use this site, you consent to the use of cookies. For more information on cookies, please take a look at our Privacy Policy. X